India today is undergoing a profound technological transformation: it is moving from reliance on traditional energy sources towards an integrated “green” ecosystem. This shift is driven by coordinated efforts of the state, business, and the research community towards a shared goal – addressing severe environmental challenges and their consequences, including air, soil, and water pollution. In its drive towards net‑zero greenhouse gas emissions, expanding green energy production, and protecting biodiversity, India is positioning itself at the global forefront of developing and deploying advanced technological innovations, and this dynamic is clearly reflected in the country’s media discourse.
To explore the thematic landscape of “green” technologies in India, a quantitative analysis of English‑language Indian media coverage from 2020 to 2025 was carried out. Using big data analytics, it was possible to identify the key trends that sit at the very core of India’s “green” agenda. The analysis was drawn on a corpus of 20,929 documents and was conducted with the help of the iFORA intelligent big data analytics system (developed at HSE ISSEK). The results of this quantitative analysis are presented as a semantic map in Figure .
The quantitative analysis made it possible to determine five technological domains that are most actively discussed in the Indian public agenda (thematic clusters that group together related technological concepts – pointed out with different colours on a semantic map): Electrified Mobility with a Sustainable Charging Infrastructure; Environmentally Friendly Power Transmission Infrastructure; Digital and Hydrogen Infrastructure for Green Economy; Institutional Context of the Ecological Transition; Share of Energy Consumption from Renewable Sources in India and its Infrastructure.
The analysis suggests that Indian media increasingly underscore that the energy sector is changing not only technologically but also institutionally. The country is expanding the role of private capital, transforming regulatory and tax frameworks, and placing low‑carbon technologies at the heart of industrial policy. The energy transition and the increasing share of green technologies are framed as matters of strategic national importance. These processes point to the institutionalisation of environmental issues, with the accelerated scale‑up of renewable energy sources, alongside the deployment of hybrid systems that emerge as the core of these transformations.
Media coverage also reveals a marked shift towards scaling up successful environmental practices across the country. India is moving from smaller-scale pilot projects to implementing large, system‑wide initiatives at the national level. A key feature of the current stage is the recognition that sustainable development is impossible without efficient power transmission. Transmission infrastructure – including its digital layer – is being modernised to make these ambitious projects feasible in practice.
In parallel with changes in the power sector, India is making a qualitative leap in electric mobility and energy storage, supported by active deployment of government incentive schemes. These include subsidies for the purchase of electric vehicles by public and private buyers, support for heavy and specialised electric transport, and the expansion of charging infrastructure under programmes such as FAME India. India’s ambitions for technological sovereignty and reduced dependence on external supply chains for critical components are reflected in the build‑up of domestic lithium‑ion battery manufacturing capacities and the development of battery‑swapping infrastructure.
Summarising, this landscape points to India’s transition towards a model in which industrial policy is tightly linked with environmental commitments. Through proactive support for green initiatives, like the digitalisation of infrastructure that drives low‑carbon sectors, the Indian state is laying a durable foundation for the country’s future leadership in the global green economy.
